In 1852, Elizabeth Wilson Ridge and Alice Bird made the long journey to the gold fields by way of the Isthmus of Panama to join him. In 1850, he arrived in California, during the early days of the California Gold Rush. Largely to escape prosecution, John Rollin fled.
John Rollin killed David Kell a Cherokee that he believed was one of his father’s assassins. He grew increasingly passionate, and, in 1849, his passion boiled over into bloodshed. John Rollin’s involvement in tribal politics strengthened. In 1847, he married Elizabeth Wilson, a white woman he had met in Massachusetts, and one year later, the couple had their only child, Alice Bird. On one occasion, he expressed a desire to avenge the deaths of his father and grandfather. John Rollin was particularly interested in Cherokee politics and closely followed the developments within the tribe. He returned to Arkansas in 1845 and began law practice. In 1843, young John Rollin was sent to Massachusetts for schooling. John Rollin Ridge left Indian Territory immediately and went to Arkansas, where he lived for four years. The 12-year-old John Rollin witnessed his father’s assassination. In 1839, Major Ridge and John Ridge were murdered by other Cherokees. Within months of removal, the tensions burst into violence. The 12-year-old John Rollin witnessed his father’s assassination.Ĭonflicts about removal within the tribe intensified following the treaty. A portion of the Indian Removal, in which thousands of Cherokees died enroute to Indian Territory (today’s Oklahoma), came to be called “The Trail of Tears.” Ridges Murdered by Cherokees Some Cherokees supported the treaty, while others felt it was a betrayal.
The treaty provided for the removal of the tribe to the West and for the abandonment of all Cherokee lands east of the Mississippi. In 1835 the government convinced twenty-one Cherokees, including John Rollin’s grandfather, Major Ridge, and John Rollin’s father, John Ridge, to sign the Treaty of New Echota.
Federal officials exploited these disagreements.
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The Cherokees resisted, but there were divisions within the tribal community as to how to proceed in the future. In 1830, the Indian Removal Act accelerated the removal of Cherokees from their homes in the Southeast. John Rollin Ridge personally experienced the most traumatic moments in the tribe's history. His native name was Cheesquatalawny, which translates into “Yellow Bird.” He was born in 1827 in the Cherokee Nation, near today’s Rome, Georgia. John Rollin Ridge was the son of a powerful Cherokee family. Most prominent among them is the stone for John Rollin Ridge, one of the most interesting and influential figures of Gold Rush California history. In the quiet Greenwood Cemetery, near Lyman Gilmore School, there is a row of markers for the Ridge Family. He died young at the age of forty, but what he did changed American popular culture to this day. … what he did changed American popular culture to this day.
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